Lesson 5: From the earth to the refinery

The passive:

نستخدم صيغة المبني للمجهول عندما نريد التركيز على الحدث نفسه وليس على من قام به ويكون عدة أنواع حسب زمن الجملة الأصلية:

أولاً: المبني للمجهول مع المضارع البسيط:

ويكون حسب القاعدة التالية:

1. He writes his report every day. (passive voice)

His report is written every day.

2. They find petroleum everywhere. (passive voice)

Petroleum is found everywhere.

ثانياً: المبني للمجهول مع الماضي البسيط:

3. She broke the window last night. (passive voice)

The window was broken last night.

ويكون حسب القاعدة التالية:

was/were +P.P + مفعول به

4. stole my mobile last week. (passive voice)

My mobile was stolen last week.

ثالثاً: المبني للمجهول مع المضارع المستمر:

ويكون حسب القاعدة التالية:

5. She is writing a letter now.

A letter is being written now.

6. He is painting the walls at the moment.

The walls are being painted at the moment.

رابعاً: المبني للمجهول مع الماضي المستمر:

7. She was washing the garage when I arrived.

The garage was being washed when I arrived.

خامساً: المبني للمجهول مع المضارع التام أو الماضي المستمر:

8. She has finished the homework.

The homework has been finished.

ويكون حسب القاعدة التالية:

سادساً: المبني للمجهول مع المستقبل - الاحتمالية:

9. They will rob the bank this week.

The bank will be robbed this week.

10. They may sell the house.

The house may be sold.

ويكون حسب القاعدة التالية:

C. Find examples of these passive forms in the text:

1. Petroleum is not found everywhere (present simple)
2. Animals and plants died and were covered layers of mud and waters. (past simple)
3. When petroleum has been found. (present perfect)
4. Cleaner products are being developed by petroleum companies. (present continuous)

D. Match the two halves of each sentence. Then change the active sentences into passive sentences.