Lesson 2: I was ice-skating and I fell over

الماضي البسيط Past simple:

نستخدم الماضي البسيط ي البسيط للتحدث عن أفعال أو مواقف انتهت في الماضي.

1. Affirmative Sentence جملة مثبتة:

هناك طريقتان لتحويل الفعل إلى ماضي:

تكون بإضافة ed الى الفعل:

• play → played
• knock → knocked
• repair → repaired

وتسمى هذه الأفعال القياسية regular verbs لأنها تتبع قواعد معينة سنشرحها بعد قليل.

قواعد إضافة ed للفعل

1. نضيف ed لمعظم الأفعال مثلاً:

work → worked

2. إذا انتهى الفعل بحرف (e) نضيف له d فقط مثلاً:

smile →smiled

3. إذا انتهى الفعل بحرف صحيح وجاء قبله حرف علة نضاعف الحرف الصحيح ثم نضيف.

stop → stopped

باستثناء الأفعال التي تنتهي ب en نضيف ed دون تكرار الحرف الأخير.

listen → listened

4. إذا انتهى الفعل بحرف (y) وكان قبله حرف صحيح يقلب (y) إلى (i) ونضيف (ed).

study → studied

أما إذا جاء قبل (y) حرف علة نضيف ed فقط.

enjoy → enjoyed

تكون بتغيير الفعل بأكمله أو يبقى بدون أي تغيير في بعض الحالات، أدناه جدول للحالات الشاذة:

2. Negative Sentence جملة منفية:

أمثلة:

My parents did not sleep well last night

Sally’s brother did not sell his car

3. Questions سؤال:

أمثلة:

?Did you travel to Turkey last summer

?Did our parents arrive home

تعابير زمنية للماضي البسيط:

1. كلمة (last). والأمثلة كثيرة: شهر/ فصل + last

last summer

last winter

last August

2. كلمة (ago).

3. حرف الجر (in)

4. كلمة (when)

5. كلمتا before و after

الماضي المستمر Past continuous:

نستخدم الماضي المستمر لحدث كان يحصل في وقت معين في الماضي ولم ينتهي في وقتها وإنما استمر لفترة.

1. Affirmative Sentence جملة مثبتة:

.Samer was driving at 10 p.m

Sam and Julie were talking about their wedding at night

2. Negative Sentence جملة منفية:

في حالة النفي نضيف not (للأفعال المساعدة) was أو were

Samer was not driving at 10 p.m

Sam and Julie were not talking about their wedding at night

3. Question سؤال:

في حالة السؤال: نضع الفعل المساعد was أو were في بداية الجملة.

?Was Samer driving at 10 p.m

?Were Sam and Julie talking about their wedding at night

ما الفرق بين الماضي البسيط والماضي المستمر

يتحدث الماضي البسيط عن حدث انتهى في وقت معين.

.I had dinner at 10 p.m

تناولت العشاء الساعة العاشرة مساء.

يتحدث الماضي المستمر عن حدث كان يحصل في وقت معين ولم ينتهي في وقتها وإنما استمر لفترة وانتهى بعدها.

.I was having dinner at 10 p.m

كنت أتناول العشاء الساعة العاشرة

B. Put one verb in the past continuous and one in the past simple.

1. I (think) about you and then you (ring) me.

I was thinking about you and then you rang me.

2. While Ali (have) a shower, somebody (knock) at the front door.

While Ali was having a shower, somebody knocked at the front door.

3. I (clean) my room and I (find) £30 under my bed.

I was cleaning my room and I found £30 under my bed.

4. Luckily, Sharifa (not drive) very fast when the child (run) into the road.

Luckily, Sharifa was not driving very fast when the child ran into the road.

5. A thief (take) our clothes while we (swim).

A thief took our clothes while we were swimming.

6. She (tell) us to be quiet as we (make) too much noise.

She told us to be quiet as we were making too much noise.

7. My sister (hide) my purse under the bed while I (not look).

My sister hid my purse under the bed while I was not looking.

8. As she (carry) the shopping from the car, my grandmother (slip) and (break) her ankle.

As she was carrying the shopping from the car, my grandmother slipped and broke her ankle.

C. Complete these sentences with your own ideas. Put the verbs in the past simple.

1. I was running and fell on the pavement.
2. I wasn’t looking where I was going and bumped into a man.
3. I was getting ready for school when it started raining.
4. My little brother was playing football when he broke his leg.
5. I was thinking about my exam when the teacher suddenly called.
6. While I was waiting for the bus, my mobile phone rang.

Re-write the sentences following the instructions between brackets.

1. Khaled (play) football when he broke his ankle. (Correct صحح)

Khaled was playing football when he broke his ankle.

2. A thief took our clothes as we (swim). (Correct صحح)

A thief took our clothes as we were swimming.

3. I (clean) my room and I (find) £30 under my bed.

I was cleaning my room and I found £30 under my bed.

4. My cousin hid my purse under the stairs while I (not look)

My cousin hid my purse under the stairs while I wasn’t looking.

5. She (tell) us to be quiet as we (make) too much noise.

She told us to be quiet as we were making too much noise.

6. While my baggage (go) through the X-ray machine, I walked through the metal detector. (Correct صحح )

While my baggage was going through the X-ray machine, I walked through the metal detector.

7. They……in the desert when they ………. a large snake (camp/see)

They were camping in the desert when the saw a large snake.

8. While he……..(skate), he fell over.

While he was skating, he fell over.

9. My sister (hide) my purse under the bed while I (not look).

My sister hid my purse under the bed while I wasn’t looking.

10. My phone rang while we (watch) the movie.

My phone rang while we were watching the movie.

11. As he was running, he ……… (fall) down.

As he was running, he fell down.

12. While Salam was driving too fast, a boy (run) on the road.

While Salam was driving too fast, a boy ran on the road.

13. While Ali was having a shower, somebody (knock) at the front door.

While Ali was having a shower, somebody knocked at the front door.

14. I was eating breakfast and a bird (fly) into the kitchen.

I was eating breakfast and a bird flew into the kitchen.

15. When I met her at the airport, Muna (wear) a long blue dress.

When I met her at the airport, Muna was wearing a blue dress.

16. As she (carry) the shopping from the car, my grandmother slipped and broke her ankle.

As she was carrying the shopping from the car, my grandmother slipped and broke her ankle.

17. I (think) about you and then you rang me.

I was thinking about you and then you rang me.